waring



' allowing it to cool.

UNITED STATES PATENT Ounce.

RICHARD s. WARING, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AND J. BURROWS HYDE, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

INSULATING MATERIAL FOR ELECTRIC USES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,045, dated November *7, 1882.

Application filed August 17, 1882. (No specimens.)

inafter specified, either aloneor combined with I I earthy or vegetable matter, for insulating purposes.

In the distillation of mineral oils-such as petroleum-oils-a great number of distinct and separate products are produced. The naphtha,

2o illuminative oils, parafline, &c., are evolved or sent over at varying degrees of temperature, leaving a tarry, waxy residuum in the still. This residuum or distillate is capable of still further reduction, and when so treated various products are sent over or produced-such as are known in the market as black oil, waxtailings, green oil, &c.

In carrying out our invention we take the residuum of petroleum-oil, as known in the 0 market, and subject it to a further redistillation or to an evaporating process, either of which is well known, so as to drive off all of the volatilizable oils and the paraiiine. The process of distillation or vaporization is car- 5 ried on still further until the proper degree of consistence has been attained. This degree of consistence is determined by the degree of heat to which the material is subjected, or by withdrawing a small portion from the still and The products which have been sentoverin this rcdistillationviz., black oil, which is a viscid mass; wax-tailings, which is of a yellowish brown color and of a soft waxy consistency, termed by us ambertine 5 and green oil, which we term olivine -are saved, leaving in the still a fourth product or residuum, which is jet black and somewhat resinous in appearance, closely resembling obsidian, or black volcanic glass, and from its conchoidal fracture, vitreous luster and general appearance we are induced, for convenience, to term it obsidine. Of these products just enumerated two or more of them are now brought together in varying proportions from thatin which they were originally found in the residuum of petroleum, or we may employ the obsidine tempered with a softer material to give flexibility as a first coat to the wire to be insulated,'with a second coat of ambertine to obtain a better non-adhesive surface; but for general purposes ofinsulation we prefer to mix the obsidine and ambertine together, with or without the olivine. These products, either combined or singly, as above stated, are reduced to a'liquid state by heat, and the wire, which has been previously covered with cotton, as is usual, is immersed in the heated liquid compound until the cotton has become completely saturated, the hygroscopic water or other moisture expelled there- I from, and the interstices of the cotton tilled withthe insulating material. A wire thus coated will be found to be flexible to such a degree that it can be wound on a reel and bent in any desired manner without fracture to the coating thereon, and it will besides be waterrepellent.

When desired to give greater body to the insulating material, or where a heavier coating is desired on the wires. we add to the liq- 8o uid product earth, clay, pulp, or other solid proper substances which will not change the chemical qualities of the insulating material.

If the heavier product, obsidine, is to be used alone, it may be tempered or reduced by combining it with hot linseed-oil or other reducing agent.

We are aware that a product has been obtained by the distillation of residuum ol' petroleum, which resembles in its looks and rop 0 erties natural asphaltum, and that this product has been used for rooting and paving material, and also for varnish. Such we do not claim.

Having described our invention, what we 5 claim is-- 1. An insulating compound for telegraphwircs and electric uses composed of two or more of the heavier products arising from the tillates of petroleum-residuum, except parafredistillation of the residuum of petroleum, as i fine and such as are fluid when cold.

set forth. In testimony whereof We affix our signatures V 2. An insulating materialfor telegraplrwires 'iu the presence of two witnesses. 5 and. electric uses consisting of-the residuum RICH ARD S ,ARING of petroleum freed from peratfine and combined with clay, pulp, or other suitable solid BURROWS HYDE substancesfas set forth. v Witnesses:

3. A11 insulating material for electric uses W. H. GALDREN, 10 consisting of one or more of the heavier disl J. W. MARSH. 

